Vector
Gaining Access
Nmap scan:
Web Enum
Port 80 reveals a basic login page:
Port 2290 was also a HTTP port, and it returned something simple:
C? When we view the page source, there's also this part here:
There's a commented ciphertext, and there's also something which takes a parameter. We can try putting this ciphertext as the parameter requested.
If we remove some characters, then it loads something else.
That's literally all of the enumeration that is possible to do.
Paddling Oracle Attack -> RDP
The first thing we can note is the AES mode used, which is CBC. This mode is insecure against a paddle oracle attack. For this application, it appears that when a parameter c (short for ciphertext) is submitted, we get a '1' if it has valid padding, else we get a '0'. This explains why the ciphertext, when submitted returns a '1'. This confirms that we need to use this attack to get the ciphertext out.
Here's a full video explaining the paddle oracle attack (which I needed to know for my exam lol):
Of course, to exploit this we will leverage on automated methods since it involves brute forcing each byte of the ciphertext. Tools like padbuster also work if configured properly, but I opted to use the script from this repo since it was easier to configure:
This would brute force every single character out. Here's the output of it:
We get a password! SSH is not open on the machine, but RDP is. xfreerdp can be used to connect to it.
We can then grab the user flag.
Privilege Escalation
WinPEAS -> Admin Shell
I downloaded and ran winPEASx64.exe on the machine, and found this output:
It's pretty trivial to get an administrator shell from this.
Rooted!
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